Method Profile

Transcriptomic Drug Testing in Endometrial Epithelial–Stromal Assembloids

Compare short drug-induced gene-expression responses across monolayers, cell-line assembloids and primary endometrial assembloids.

Endometrial ModelsCo-cultures
UCSF Mission Bay medical-center buildings and entrance, with trees in the foreground.
UCSF Mission Bay medical center, photographed in May 2025. (9yz, CC BY 4.0)

Research Applications

Proof-of-concept follow-up of transcriptomics-based endometriosis drug-repurposing candidates.

Model & Design

12Z epithelial/iEc stromal cell-line assembloids and primary eutopic endometrial epithelial/stromal assembloids from two patients.

Experimental Format

Agarose-micromold 3D assembly followed by 24-hour exposure and bulk RNA sequencing. The drug-test method specifies 1:50 epithelial:stromal input for cell-line assembloids; cell-line histology uses 1:20. Primary-tissue seeding ratios were 3:1, 1:5, 1:10 and 1:20.

Model Components

  • Component

    Cell systems

    Description

    Epithelial and stromal monolayers; cell-line assembloids; primary endometrial assembloids from endometriosis patients.

  • Component

    Compounds and analysis

    Description

    Ibuprofen 19.4 μM, fenoprofen 7.2 μM, simvastatin 9.6 μM, primaquine 8.8 μM; RNA-seq differential expression and pathway comparison with prior disease signatures.

Measurements & Endpoints

  • Differentially expressed genes
  • Pathway enrichment/reversal
  • Assembloid morphology and epithelial/stromal organization

Analysis

Drug-induced gene expression and pathways are compared within each sample source, with separately reported sequencing-sample numbers.

Published Evidence

  • Study Design

    Compare four drug responses across monolayer and assembloid sources.

    Study Sample

    Three samples per cell-line/drug condition; one per cell-line assembloid condition; two per primary assembloid condition from two patients.

    Comparison

    DMSO within each sample source; prior endometriosis microarray signatures for pathway direction.

    Finding

    Simvastatin produced the broadest expression changes; primaquine and fenoprofen showed source-specific pathway effects; ibuprofen reversed no assessed disease pathway.

    Interpretation & Limits
    • Cell-line assembloid sequencing has n = 1 per condition.
    • Eutopic endometrium is distinct from an intact ectopic lesion.
    • Transcriptomic findings do not measure pain relief or clinical benefit.
    • Source is a preprint.

Sources

  1. bioRxiv. Simvastatin and Primaquine Identified as Potential Endometriosis Therapeutics via a Novel Epithelial-Stromal Assembloid Drug Screening Assay. 2026-09-27. doi:10.64898/2026.09.27.754752. ↗