Method Profile

HADES Imaging of Drug-Induced Death in Glioma Spheroids

Track live/dead fluorescence over time to separate compound-induced death from growth arrest in patient-derived glioma spheroids.

Tumor ModelsSpheroids
The Beckman Center building at Stanford University, with trees and a bicycle parking area.
Stanford University’s Beckman Center for Molecular and Genetic Medicine, April 2022. (Suiren2022, CC BY-SA 4.0)

Research Applications

Screen extracellular-ligand modulation of glioma drug-induced death responses and test mechanistic perturbations.

Model & Design

Low-passage patient-derived glioblastoma (GBM) gliomaspheres and diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) spheroids with nuclear mKate2 expression.

Experimental Format

Ultra-low-attachment 384-well spheroids; ligand pretreatment followed by compound dose series; imaging through five days in the screen.

Model Components

  • Component

    Live/dead reporters

    Description

    Nuclear mKate2 and SYTOX Green with spheroid imaging and a combined death score.

  • Component

    Comparative assays

    Description

    ATP-based CellTiter-Glo 3D, trypan-blue death measurements, pathway and genetic perturbations.

Measurements & Endpoints

  • Spheroid death score over time
  • Red-area-normalized growth
  • Compound dose-response and ligand modulation
  • Cell-cycle, SMAD and lipid-metabolism measures

Analysis

Death responses are integrated across doses and time against matched ligand-free BSA controls. ATP-based viability is assessed separately.

Published Evidence

  • Study Design

    Compare HADES with ATP/trypan-blue assays, then profile 50 ligands with 13 compounds and validate selected responses in additional models.

    Study Sample

    Main ligand screen in GS025 patient-derived GBM spheroids; additional GBM lines and three named DIPG models used for selected validation.

    Comparison

    Ligand-free BSA controls, BMP3, pharmacological/genetic pathway controls, and distinct assay readouts.

    Finding

    HADES resolved compound-death differences missed by ATP readouts. BMP2/4 reduced selected drug lethality while increasing lipid-dependent-necrosis sensitivity.

    Interpretation & Limits
    • Ligand response was not reproduced by adherent T98G cells.
    • Main screening breadth is not equivalent to independent validation across every donor.
    • Tegavivint brain exposure and in vivo application remain unresolved.
    • Source is a preprint.

Sources

  1. High-throughput spheroid profiling reveals BMP-driven rewiring of glioma cell death responses. bioRxiv. 2026-09-13. doi:10.64898/2026.09.10.750657. ↗