Method Profile
Longitudinal growth and progenitor measurements are linked with transcriptomic, secretome and mechanical changes after valproic acid exposure.
Investigation of early developmental drug effects on cell progression and the neural tissue microenvironment.
Human iPSC-derived dorsal forebrain organoids, with a separate cortical-organoid preparation for extracellular-matrix and stiffness follow-up.
Initial valproic acid/levetiracetam dose comparison followed by 1 mM valproic acid from day 21 to day 50; imaging, RNA and protein analyses use defined but distinct sampling panels.
Human neural models
Dorsal forebrain organoids from specified control iPSC lines and differentiation batches.
Measurements
Growth imaging, SOX2/Ki67 and neuronal staining, bulk/single-cell RNA sequencing, LC–MS secretome/proteome analysis, nanoindentation and second-harmonic generation.
Compare each modality within its line/batch design and integrate biological-process patterns; gene/protein overlap is limited.
Compare valproic acid with control and an initial levetiracetam reference, then connect early developmental changes with extracellular measurements.
Main longitudinal imaging: four BIONi010-C differentiation batches. Protein experiments use separate line panels and pools of three organoids or media samples.
Untreated matched cultures; initial levetiracetam conditions; distinct cortical-organoid validation.
Valproic acid reduced growth and proliferative radial glia without increased vRG apoptosis at day 35. Later cultures had progenitor-rich states, matrix/adhesion changes and increased stiffness in the follow-up model.
Human forebrain organoids exposed to valproic acid showed slower growth, altered progenitor-to-neuron progression and changes in secreted matrix proteins. Transcriptomics, protein analysis and mechanical measurements examined different parts of that response.
